There are many little things that you can add to a picture to make it interesting. You can take any simple object and make a master piece out of it. For example, this stop light is just a plain stop light. But, you notice the angle the photographer used, it made the picture interesting. This way, it doesn't make it just a plain ol' stop light... but you can see the buildings and the sky. It gives a lot of characteristics to the photo.. all by just using a different angle.
Another good tip is to add angles, but also length. If you had length to a picture, it shows the depth of the picture and almost brings it to life.
This picture you see that the railroad tracks go 'into' the picture. You can use roads, train tracks, a fence... really anything that has length to it. If you add you angle with the length it makes a pretty sweet picture!
One last tip is to make sure you have good lighting. If you are outside, you want to make sure that the sun light isn't uneven on your face. You wither need all shad, or all sunlight. This way when you edit, you can have a really good color to your face. If you are shooting outside, it is really handy to have a reflector. If y uhave one of these, it can relfect the sun light onto the face of the person or the center of the object yo uare shooting at, so it evens out the color.
It is the little things that you add to a picture to give it life. They could be little or big things you add.. but no matter what, it still makes the picture.
Photojournalism is where a person will take a specific photo, for a specific reason, and write about it. For example, someone who works for nation Geographic... they get to travel all around the world and document what is happening and different cultures and monuments that exsist. Documentary photography is a little bit different than photo journalism. They are used to document a specific event that is happening in the present. For example, elcetions, protest etc. etc. These photographers serve a very important part in are nation and world. And lastly, there is Macrophotography. Macrophotography is where pictures are taken at a very close range. Think of Microscope and how we use that to use at things that are beyond the range of our eye site. Well, Macrophotography is used dor little things like small bugs or creatures... anything small that is hard to look at in detail to our human eye. 
I love the accent it gives off. You can do a lot with the lighting in black and white because you don't have to worry about skin tones. Mainly because if you do much with skin tones, you could make them to orange or to brown. This way, if you shoot in black and white, you only have to worry if you contrast is high or low enough or if it is to light or to dark. The contrast of a picture in like the intensity of the the light and dark in the picture. I would love to due just a shoot in black and white.. that would pretty much be amazing!